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St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative Text-Only Website

Cedar Creek Watershed Plan Implementation,
Phase I (6-64)

The Cedar Creek Watershed Management Plan (WMP) was funded by a Section 319 grant from the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM). The plan was completed and approved by IDEM in 2005.

In 2006, the St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative received a grant for $465,000 to begin implementation of the Cedar Creek WMP. Funding to complete several projects is included in this grant, which is scheduled to end in November of 2008. The project’s area of implementation includes the Upper and Lower Cedar Creek subwatersheds Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) numbers 04100003080 and 04100003090.

Among the projects supported by the grant are:

Cost-share funding for replacement of failing septic systems. The Cedar Creek Septic System Replacement Project (CCSRP) will provide homeowners with up to $3,000 in cost-share when they replace their failing septic systems.
Cost-share funding for installation of Best Management Practices (BMP) such as wetland restoration, buffers and filter strips , reforestation, raingardens, and bioswales.
Water quality monitoring across the Cedar Creek and the St. Joseph River. Twenty–four sites are monitored weekly by the SJRWI during the recreational season, April through October. Ten of those sites are in the Cedar Creek subwatershed.
Public educational outreach, including workshops on topics such as septic systems, wetlands, urban and suburban lawns and gardens, post construction stormwater management, wildlife and biodiversity are being offered through 2008. Additionally, brochures and materials aimed at improving the knowledge of watershed stakeholders is being developed and distributed across the watershed.
Cedar Creek Signage. The grant funds placement of up to 14 watershed signs which will help the public learn more about the boundaries and the importance of the Cedar Creek.
Environmentally friendly landscaping. Do you know how much your landscaping choices affect water quality? Does your land attract nuisance geese? Call the St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative office for more information about participation in this program and to locate demonstration sites.

Attachments and Links

Cedar Creek Watershed: Water Quality Begins With You!

BMP overview

BMP Contact Pamphlet for Allen, DeKalb, Noble Counties

buffers/filters document:
Grass Filter Strips | Benefits of Buffers | Economics of Conservation Buffers

reforestation

raingardens

bioswales

wildlife & biodiversity

wildlife & biodiversity Kid’s quiz and answer sheet

November, 11, 2006 septic workshop: Brochure | Report

Additional septic information can be found at Purdue University

April 14, 2007 urban landowner workshop: Brochure | Report

March 20, 2007 post-construction workshop: Brochure | Report

Bacteria Source Tracking Report

contamination/nuisance geese

Cedar Creek Sampling sites

Lower St. Joseph-Bear Creek Watershed Planning Project

Creation of a Watershed Management Plan (WMP) for two sub-watersheds, the Lower St. Joseph and the Bear Creek (Indiana) is being led by the St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative. The project is funded by a Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 205(j) grant (ARN A-305-5-73) that was awarded to the City of Fort Wayne Water Utilities Department, and subcontracted to the SJRWI.

Begun in June, 2005, the grant is scheduled to end in June, 2007. The project includes creation of the LSJ-BC Watershed Management Plan as well as a ranking system that helps to determine priority for placement of future conservation practices, and creation of maps and other documents that will assist local government in their efforts to protect and enhance the watershed.

Stakeholder input is critical to watershed plans. The public is encouraged to participate in quarterly stakeholder meetings conducted by the SJRWI.

This watershed planning project also includes an effort to recruit, train and support local citizen volunteer water quality monitors. The SJRWI offers basic training for the Hoosier Riverwatch citizen volunteer monitoring program, which is aimed at increasing public awareness of water quality issues and concerns. The SJRWI sponsors quarterly support events for trained volunteers, and has four complete quality monitoring kits available for use by trained volunteers.

Through the Hoosier Riverwatch program, we provide education and training on watersheds and the relationship between land use and water quality. We promote responsible stewardship of water resources. Results of Hoosier Riverwatch water quality monitoring is made available to citizens and government officials working to protect rivers and streams on the Hoosier Riverwatch website.

Attachments and Links

Maps of the Lower St. Joseph and Bear Creek (IN) watersheds

Map of Lower St. Joseph-Bear Creek placement in the SJR watershed.

Lower St. Joseph – Bear Creek Watershed Management Plan

Stakeholder meetings:
September 19, 2006 | August, 24, 2006 | December 14, 2006 | Working on our Watershed

Hoosier Riverwatch website

St Joseph River Sediment, Pesticide and Nutrient Reduction Project, Phase II

This project, often called the St. Joseph Conservation Tillage Project, is funded by a Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 319 grant through the Indiana Department of Environmental Management. We are currently in the second phase of this project; the first phase was completed in the spring of 2006.

Stakeholders from the entire three-state region of the St. Joseph River watershed are eligible for projects funded by this grant. The amount of conservation tillage in the watershed is measured by tillage transects.

The Nutrient, Pesticide and Sediment Reduction Project has two main thrusts. The first is a cost-share program which offers up to $3,000 to agricultural producers who commit 100 acres of productive row crop land to high-residue conservation tillage for a period of five years. The money will reimburse producers who

purchase attachments for implements that are used for conservation tillage
purchase precision equipment and attachments for implements for spraying and other application of nutrients and pesticides; and
contract with crop consultants for nutrient and pesticide management on their farms

The second is an equipment rental program for conservation tillage equipment. Our equipment is available for rent at reasonable prices so that producers can try it out on their own acres.

Contact Allen County SWCD Greg.lake@IN.nacdnet.net or jason.buuck@IN.nacdnet.net for more information or to schedule use of this equipment.

Attachments and Links

Phase I (ARN 02-502) final report

Further information about the methodology and statistical reliability of the cropland roadside survey method is available on the Conservation Tillage Information Center (CTIC) website.

Source Water Protection Initiative (SWPI)

Select a link below to continue:

History
Agencies Involved
Study Area
St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative Efforts
Current Research
Weather Station Data

History
The Source Water Protection Initiative (SWPI) began in 2001 as a five-year agricultural water quality and pesticide monitoring project under the national leadership of America’s Clean Water Foundation and under the local leadership of three watershed associations in Ohio, Indiana and Missouri.

At its inception, the focus of the SWPI was to

Design and implement sound, voluntary, incentive-based, watershed-scale projects to accelerate the adoption of key pesticide best management practices (BMPs) at the watershed level on sufficient cropland acres to permit proper evaluation;
Objectively monitor and evaluate the effects on pesticide loading and water quality of the BMPs using generally recognized and accepted scientific techniques; and
Report those results to the general public.

Agencies Involved
In Indiana, the SWPI project is under the local leadership of the St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative, which is working with researchers from the USDA- Agricultural Research Service (ARS), the USDA – Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), the Allen and DeKalb County Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCD), Purdue University, and the City of Fort Wayne.

Study Area
The St. Joseph River watershed (located in the Western Lake Erie Basin) was selected for the project because it is the drinking water source for the City of Fort Wayne and its nearly 250,000 citizens. The St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative, with the guidance from the ARS, SWCD, and NRCS, selected the 11,200-acre Matson Ditch watershed and the 12,000-acre Walter Smith Ditch watersheds for the paired study area. This area lies in north central DeKalb County near the city of Waterloo.

In 2003, the 1385 hectares David Link Ditch was added to the project area because dredging activities that were taking place on the Walter Smith Ditch would impact the data collected from that site. The Smith Ditch remained in the study area, and is particularly important in evaluation of water quality in situations where stream beds have been disturbed.

In 2005, the SWPI area also became a study area for the CEAP (Conservation Effects Assessment Project). The focus of the CEAP is to assess and quantify the effects and benefits of USDA conservation programs. ARS is conducting a Watershed Assessment Study (WAS) focusing research on the SWPI area. This project is designed to monitor water quality parameters and assess conservation effects at the St. Joseph River watershed, which is one of the 12 benchmark watersheds selected as a part of the ARS Watershed Assessment Study.

By 2006, the America’s Clean Water Foundation had disbanded and was no longer associated with the SWPI project in the St. Joseph River watershed.

St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative Efforts
The St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative provides staff to maintain 15 automated ISCO water quality samplers and collect samples daily from April through November. The SJRWI has also contracted with local utilities to provide electrical service to the sampling sites, and has arranged outreach education events and meetings with local agricultural producers. The SJRWI collects field input data from the producers to help support research, and has provided cost-share assistance and other incentives to producers for the installation of BMPs where possible.

Current Research
In order to improve water quality and protect drinking water, researchers from the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and the National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory (NSERL) are working in the St. Joseph River Watershed in Indiana to identify best management practices (BMPs) that will reduce soil erosion and the amount of nutrients and chemicals in surface water runoff.

Scientists from National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory continue to work with other government agencies, conservation districts, watershed associations, and land owners and producers in the St. Joseph River Watershed to educate and provide technical assistance for the acceptance of BMPs.

The SWPI research project is located in the upper Cedar Creek watershed in DeKalb County, IN. To characterize the relationship between water quality, weather, site conditions and management practices; 12 water quality sampling stations and 5 real-time, web-accessible weather and flow and soil condition monitoring stations have been installed in the St. Joseph River Watershed.

The research area includes a variety of crop and soil types that go through different agricultural and water management practices. Distinguishing water quality in runoff from different site conditions and agricultural treatments help identify which land management practices are most effective at protecting water resources.

Findings from the ARS are distributed to educate government agencies, citizen groups and private landowners on the environmental and economic benefits of putting conservation programs into practice.

In order for SWPI/CEAP to proceed, cooperation from local entities has been very important. This cooperation has resulted in over three years of high quality research, indicating that the stakeholders are concerned about the sustainability of their production systems and the quality of the environment.

Attachments and Links

Current Weather Station Data

National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, West Lafayette, Indiana

SWPI Sampling Stations

Current Projects: Western Lake Erie Basin Conservation Assessment Project – St. Joseph River Watershed

Select a link below to continue:

History of The Project
The Rapid Watershed Assessment (RWA)
St Joseph River Watershed Livestock Survey
Maps

RWA HUC-14 Ranking of Entire St. Joseph watershed
RWA HUC-14 Ranking by Subwatershed

RWA HUC-14 Ranking by County

Livestock Survey Map

History of The Project
The St. Joseph Watershed Project: Developing an implementation plan for protecting and restoring wildlife habitat and water quality using a cooperative conservation approach.

This project is intended to operate in the context of an ecosystem approach to conservation in the region at a landscape scale, through the complementary efforts of area conservation organizations, government agencies and local communities.

Goals of the Project:

Formalize a local network of stakeholders in the St. Joseph River Watershed by utilizing local knowledge and established groups found in various sub-basins of the watershed, establishing an all-encompassing St. Joseph River Implementation Advisory Committee.
Pinpoint specific locations in the watershed that will result in the most significant conservation gain through the use of wetland restoration activities
Pinpoint specific locations in the watershed that will result in the most significant conservation gain through the use of riparian corridor establishment and protection activities
Establish demonstration sites of restored wetlands and riparian corridor: the goal is 30 acres of unique remnant wetlands and 1.5 miles of riparian corridor. These demonstration projects will be used to build consensus and educate the local public on benefits of strategically placed protection activities
Develop a financial and resource analysis for watershed managers, public officials, and interested constituents that will prioritize sites and identify primary funding sources for implementation.
Work with advisory committee and partners to secure partnership agreements and participate in outreach activities that will raise local awareness of these critical issues.

Support
The Nature Conservancy’s Upper St. Joseph River Project is implementing this project, along with partners The St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative and the Indiana State Department of Agriculture under a funding agreement from the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. This project is supported through funding from the Cooperative Conservation Partnership Initiative of the Natural Resources Conservation Service.

Project Setting
The Western Lake Erie Basin, containing the Maumee River, presently bears little resemblance to the dense deciduous forests, oak savannas, wet prairies, scattered glacial kettle lakes and pocket wetlands that existed prior to European settlement. Land conversion to agricultural and urban uses obliterated all but a few very diverse, relatively high quality ecosystems, all of which are dependent on the existence of abundant clean water.

Although conservation efforts have been actively pursued in the watershed in the past, this project will focus on a widespread approach to restoring wetlands, creating buffer zones, and restoring forested riparian corridors that will affect much larger segments of the watershed and also reach a greater number of landowners to educate them about the need for conservation measures, as well as the availability of federal and private funds to help them implement conservation practices.

The St. Joseph River
Located in northeast Indiana, northwest Ohio and south central Michigan, the St. Joseph River watershed encompasses 694,400 acres. With its headwaters in Hillsdale County, Michigan, the St. Joseph River flows in a southwestern direction through Ohio and Indiana before converging with the St. Mary’s River in Fort Wayne, Indiana, to form the Maumee River. Tributaries Cedar Creek and Fish Creek in Indiana contribute significant waters to the St. Joseph.

The watershed is primarily agricultural, with approximately 64% in cropland and 15% in pasture or forage. Woodlands and wetlands are found on 10% of the area, while the remaining 11% consists of urban landscape, farmsteads, rural residences, airports, golf courses, industry and similar land uses.

The St. Joseph River is used to irrigate farms and pastures, and also provides the drinking water for nearly 250,000 people in Fort Wayne and New Haven, Indiana. Fort Wayne’s Three Rivers Filtration Plant processes 34 million gallons of water daily from the St. Joseph River.

Historically, the floodplain of the St. Joseph River consisted of a dense forest and wetland complex, with the ability to filter and store large amounts of nutrients, sediment and water. Presently, all but a narrow band of trees exist along the river and most wetlands have been drained for agricultural production, eliminating the buffering effect that a floodplain should provide.

Habitat
Fortunately, despite other demands, the St. Joseph River also provides aquatic habitats that contain some of the best remaining examples of the river communities once very common in the western Lake Erie basin. Forty three species of fish and 31 species of mussels, three of which are federally endangered, have been found in various reaches of the St. Joseph River. Perhaps the best known species, the federally endangered White Cat’s Paw Pearly Mussel (Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua) survives only within the project area. The St. Joseph also supports three other aquatic federally imperiled species, the endangered Clubshell mussel (Pleurobema clava), the endangered Northern Riffleshell pearly mussel (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana), and the threatened Copperbelly water snake (Nerodia erythrogater neglecta). It also supports nine other mussel species considered imperiled in at least one of the three states.

Floodplains
Floodplain areas are attractive to farmers principally because they are highly productive, due to natural processes that have deposited layers of sediment annually, creating rich soils over time. They also provide adequate groundwater for plants because the water table is shallow due to its proximity to the river. This poses a direct threat to water quality because fertilizers and pesticides are applied directly to land that is subjected to seasonal flooding, and these compounds are then carried downstream with flood waters. Converting this land back to forests and wetlands creates a buffer zone that removes contaminants from upland areas, thereby protecting and improving water quality in the river.

Wetlands
Wetlands not only hold water and recharge groundwater, but they also have the ability to filter and process nutrients and other chemicals from the water. Strategic placement of wetlands and other conservation practices can significantly contribute to overall water quality in the watershed.

Project Goals and Objectives
The focus of this project will be to develop an implementation plan which targets specific restoration sites for wetland and forest restoration based on historical land use trends, existing hydrology, spatial GIS information, water quality data, and landowner interest within the St. Joseph River watershed. The objective is to stimulate interest from willing landowners to restore this critical habitat by presenting a scientifically and publicly endorsed plan, as well as identifying public and private funds available to implement these practices in a cooperative approach to conservation.

The implementation plan will identify resources that can be used to implement practices in priority sites. The resources are a combination of private, state and federal funding that can be used to provide landowners the appropriate compensation for the public and environmental benefit of improved water quality.

The Nature Conservancy will provide the leadership and oversight for the project team as it organizes a stakeholder advisory committee, identifies the restoration demonstration projects, and develops the Implementation Plan.

Project Success
This project will have its greatest success if it serves as an example of successful restoration in an agricultural setting, engages landowners and maximizes the federal funding available for the region.

The Rapid Watershed Assessment (RWA)
A broad range of partners participated in the development of this rapid assessment method, including a technical committee which incorporated representatives of the county Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Natural Resource Conservation Service district conservationists, The Nature Conservancy, and Fish & Wildlife Service biologists. Retired Tri-State University biology professor Dr. Pete Hippensteel directed the project. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) assistance was provided by the St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative subcontractor Scott Gibson, research assistant with the IPFW Biology Department’s Center for Reptiles and Amphibians.

An extensive review of existing data resources was made for the assessment process. These included the 2001 National Land Cover Dataset, National Hydrography Dataset high resolution stream layers, HUC sub-watershed boundaries; historic water quality data (bacteria, turbidity, and Atrazine) from the St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative’s monitoring program; and species occurrence data from the National Heritage Database.

The digital land cover database was utilized to obtain three data sets: The amount of cropland (row crops) in each subwatershed, the amount natural vegetation within each subwatershed, and the amount of woodland within a 30-meter buffer on each side of the stream. Each dataset was used as a ranking layer. (For further information regarding this process, see the St. Joseph CCPI Methodology.)

Watersheds are delineated, located and sized by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUC). Both the HUC-11 subwatersheds and the smaller HUC-14 subwatersheds were ranked for this conservation study, using available data in a process that compared them to each other. The St. Joseph River watershed contains nine HUC-11 watersheds and 55 HUC-14 subwatersheds. The ranking process results in the most highly polluted or degraded watersheds having the highest scores. Ranking of the St. Joseph HUC-11 watersheds found Fish Creek and the West Branch in the best shape, and the Middle St. Joseph subwatershed having the most problems.

Ranking of the HUC-14 watershed utilized only the land use data since water quality and species data are not equally available for all of these subwatersheds. Using the three ranking criteria of cropland in the watershed, natural vegetation in the watershed and woodlands in the buffer zone, the fifty-five HUC 14 subwatersheds were compared to each other. The watershed map below shows the result of this ranking process.

More detailed, interactive maps in pdf format, organized by subwatershed and by county, are available under the MAPS section of this page. The maps have layers of cities, streams and roads that can be clicked on and off.

Using the RWA for Conservation Placement

The final selection of sub-watershed for the placement of conservation practices can be based on a variety of natural resource management approaches. One such approach is to “protect the best and restore the rest.” Whether the plan focuses on the highest quality subwatershed for protection (of the best) or the lowest quality subwatersheds for restoration (of the rest), conservation investments should be based on practices that provide the most water quality and habitat benefits. Since most of the land in this watershed is privately owned, willing landowners and available resources also influence the selection process.

Additional decisions about conservation planning can be completed at the local level. County conservation districts know many of their rural landowners and can use aerial mapping and windshield surveys to further refine areas in need of, for example, conservation buffers.

Local Ranking

With some additional analysis, local entities such as the Soil and Water Conservation Districts, can determine potential benefits of various conservation practices and sites. The following chart outlines the critical criteria for evaluating the placement of riparian buffers in the priority watersheds.

Riparian buffers are vegetated plots, 20 to 60 feet in width, along the side of a waterway. The buffer serves as a barrier between cropland and the waterway, effectively filtering out agricultural chemicals, nutrients and sediment before storm runoff reaches the stream. The relative values on the following chart are based on information from the review of numerous scientific articles.

*Criteria for buffer placement:*	*High*	*Value*	*Medium*	*Value*	*Low*	*Value*
Stream Order:	1st or 2nd	8	3rd	2	>3rd	1
Current Land Use:	Row Crops	6	Hay or Pasture	2	CRP	1
Type of Tillage:	Conventional Reduced Till	8 6	Mulch till	2	No-till	1
Soil Type: ____________	HEL	4	>.28K value	2	< .28K	1
Slope in Buffer Zone	6%	6	2 to 6%	3	< 2%	1
Stream or Ditch Condition	Direct surface inflow	8	Unstable banks	4	Berm or spoil pile	1
In-Field Hydrology	No tile inlets	6	Visible tile inlets/risers	3	Extensive tile drains	1
Connectivity – expansion of existing habitat	Forests or wetlands	6	Grasslands	2	Cropland	0
Livestock type: ____________	Observed stream impact	6	Fenced Out	2	Nutrient Plan	1
*Total of all selected values:*	58 - 42		41 - 25		24 - 8

Criteria used in this analysis can be evaluated from quality aerial photographs from NRCS or Farm Service Agency (FSA) offices, or sometimes from county GIS websites. Google Earth has adequate photos for some portions of the United States. Potential priority sites can be further examined with the landowner to fine tune the design of the conservation practice.

For further review and discussion, contact The Nature Conservancy’s Upper St. Joseph River Project Office (260-665-9141).

LIVESTOCK SURVEY
A survey instrument was created by the SJRWI and the technical advisory committee to support a windshield survey of livestock in the watershed. Funding was supplied by the Ohio DNR as part of the overall St. Joseph Conservation Planning effort.

Although livestock data is available from the USDA Ag Statistics, it is organized by county rather than by watershed. Because of this, the livestock data by watershed is not easily determined. In order to capture this information, the advisory committee devised an instrument that included a spreadsheet connected to a GIS mapping product. This instrument was used to count or estimate numbers and record types of livestock operations, as well as mark their location on a watershed map. No landowner names were used on the survey, only general locations of and types of animals that could be viewed from a windshield tour were recorded onto a laptop computer.

Every roadway in the watershed was driven by SJRWI ag technician Jason Buuck and/or St. Marys Watershed coordinator Clint Nester (Allen County). SWCD employees in each county accompanied these two staff members, guiding the road-by-road watershed tour and supplementing information observed in the field with local knowledge of their counties. Types of observed livestock and their estimated numbers were recorded, along with their general location vis-à-vis the roadway, on a GIS map referenced to the spreadsheet.

This livestock database was used to create a map that graphically shows the location and density of various types of livestock and other domesticated animals. Pets (dogs, cats) were not counted in this survey.

St. Joseph River Watershed Livestock survey map

WHAT DOES THE LIVESTOCK MAP TELL US?
The survey data and maps are useful for NRCS, conservation districts, and conservation organizations such as The Nature Conservancy and the St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative, to help target educational outreach and financial support to livestock operators in order to improve land and water quality. Conservation practices that might be encouraged for livestock owners and landowners include nutrient management planning, rotational grazing, fencing livestock from streams and waterways, devising alternative watering facilities, proper application of manure, and buffering of heavy use areas.

Interesting results of the survey included the number of non-traditional animals in the watershed. Besides the traditional livestock operations of horses, beef cattle, dairy cattle, goats, sheep, pigs, donkeys, chickens, ducks and turkeys, the survey found alpaca, llama, emu, buffalo, pheasant, pigeon, reindeer, deer, elk, and one zebra.

Of the estimated total of 55,047 animals counted during the survey, 99% were traditional types of livestock for the Midwest area. Beef cattle made up approximately 22% and dairy cattle, slightly over 15%. Horses and donkeys accounted for nearly 12%, and pigs for just over 43% of the total. Goats and sheep were at nearly 6%, and poultry at 1.6%.

By county, the animal counts varied widely. Very small portions of Defiance (Ohio) and Branch (Michigan) counties are located in the St. Joseph watershed; these accounted for less than one percent of the animals. Hillsdale County (MI) had the most animals, approximately 31.4%. DeKalb County (IN), which lies almost entirely within the St. Joseph watershed, accounted for 26% of the animals. Williams County (OH) accounted for 21.2%, Allen County (IN) 13.8%; Steuben County (IN) 4.5%, and Noble County (IN) 2.1% of the animals. Livestock operations in Amish communities, mainly in Allen, Steuben and Hillsdale Counties accounted for nearly 25% of the total animal count.

By subwatershed, the largest numbers of animals live in the Nettle Creek, the Bear Creek, and the West Branch. The Lower St. Joseph watershed is mostly urban.

Subwatershed	Name	No. Animals
04100003010	East Branch	3,906
04100003020	West Branch	9,515
04100003030	Nettle Creek	12,516
04100003050	Fish Creek	4,216
04100003060	Middle St. Joseph	5,921
04100003070	Bear Creek	11,640
04100003080	Upper Cedar	1,656
04100003090	Lower Cedar	5,120
04100003100	Lower St. Joseph	357

Links

	The Nature Conservancy, Upper St. Joseph River Project
	The Indiana State Department of Agriculture
	St. Joseph River Watershed Initiative
	Western Lake Erie Basin Partnership

Photos

Arial view of Toledo Harbor and Maumee Bay	Flooding in the Basin
Floodwaters choke an agricultural ditch in the Auglaize watershed	Satellite photo from April 15, 2005 shows sediment plume from the Maumee entering Lake Erie